Irrigation Engineering
A counter berm is

A vertical benching provided on the inner edge of the bank
A horizontal benching provided on the inside slope
A vertical benching provided on the outer edge of the bank
A horizontal benching provided on the outside slope

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Irrigation Engineering
A water-logged land is found suitable for cultivation due to

Absence of aeration of soil from root zone of the plant
None of these
Regular supply of water to plants from the water table by capillary action
Ease of tillage for preparation of the field for optimum condition of germination

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Irrigation Engineering
Effective precipitation for a crop may be defined as

Total precipitation minus the loss due to evaporation
Total precipitation minus the loss due to infiltration
Available water stored in soil within root zone of the crop
Total precipitation during the crop period

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