Fluid Mechanics
A centrifugal pump is used to pump water through a horizontal distance of 150 m, and then raised to an overhead tank 10 m above. The pipe is smooth with an I.D of 50 mm. What head (m of water) must the pump generate at its exit (E) to deliver water at a flow rate of 0.001 m³/s? The Fanning friction factor, f is 0.0062.

10 m
20 m
11 m
12 m

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Fluid Mechanics
The Prandtl mixing length is

Independent of the shear stress
Useful for computing laminar flow problems
Independent of radial distance from the pipe axis
Zero at the pipe wall and is a universal constant

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