Electrical Machines
The synchronous motor can be started by

  coupling it with a DC compound motor.
  providing damper winding in its rotor circuit.
  any of the above methods.
  coupling it with a small AC induction motor called the pony motor.

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Electrical Machines
Two of supply terminals to a 3 - Φ induction motor get interchanged during re-connection after normal maintenance. When switched on the supply, the motor will

  rotate in the same direction as before maintenance.
  rotate in direction opposite to that before maintenance.
  not start at all.
  get heated and damaged.

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