Automobile Engineering in ME
It is necessary to maintain the valve clearances as they

Increase the speed at which the valves move up and down
Reduce the resistance to sliding that occurs between the cam and the tappet
Allow for lengthening of the valves owing to the heat of combustion
Make the crankshaft turn smoothly

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The purpose of a balancer shaft is to

Balance the timing in the movement of the two groups of pistons
Increase inertia force of the rotating crankshaft
Adjusts the timing of the intake and exhaust valve openings
Reduce vibrations caused by the crankshaft rotation

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