Managing Multiuser Databases
Which of the following occurs when a transaction rereads data and finds new rows that were inserted by a command transaction since the prior read?

Phantom read
Nonrepeatable read
Dirty read
Consistent read

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Managing Multiuser Databases
The advantage of optimistic locking is that:

the lock never needs to be obtained.
the lock is obtained before the transaction has processed.
the lock is obtained only after the transaction has processed.
transactions that are best suited are those with a lot of activity.

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