Introduction to Database System
Which of the following is a serious problem of file management systems?

data redundancy
program dependence
difficult to update
All of these
lack of data independence

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Introduction to Database System
A logical schema

describes how data is actually stored on disk
All of these
is a standard way of organizing information into accessible parts
None of these
is the entire database

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Introduction to Database System
With respect to data input, the most accurate description of batch control is

comparing to a pre-calculated figure the total of a data item summed across a batch records put into the system
None of these
controlling the input of each input clerk
All of these
dividing documents to be entered into batches

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