Engineering Thermodynamics
According to First law of thermodynamics,

Total internal energy of a system during a process remains constant
Internal energy, enthalpy and entropy during a process remain constant
Work-done by a system is equal to the heat transferred by the system
Total energy of a system remains constant

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Engineering Thermodynamics
The mass of flue gas per kg of fuel is the ratio of the

Mass of carbon in 1 kg of fuel to the mass of carbon in 1 kg of flue gas
Mass of carbon in 1 kg of flue gas to the mass of carbon in 1 kg of fuel
Mass of oxygen in 1 kg of flue gas to the mass of oxygen in 1 kg of fuel
Mass of oxygen in 1 kg of fuel to the mass of oxygen in 1 kg of flue gas

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