Engineering Materials
Tungsten in steel

Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anti-corrosion properties
Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improves corrosion and heat resistant properties
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness
Improves cutting ability and reduces hardenability

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Engineering Materials
Smelting is the process of

Reducing the ore with carbon in the presence of a flux
Expelling moisture, carbon dioxide, sulphur and arsenic from the iron ore by heating in shallow kilns
Removing the impurities like clay, sand etc. from the iron ore by washing with water
All of these

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Engineering Materials
Malleable cast iron

Is produced by annealing process. It is soft, tough, and easily machined metal
Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
Is produced by small additions of magnesium (or cerium) in the ladle. Graphite is in the nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material
Is also known as chilled cast iron and is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable

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Engineering Materials
White cast iron

Is also known as chilled cast iron and is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable
Is produced by annealing process. It is soft, tough and easily machined metal
Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
Is produced by small additions of magnesium (or creium) in the ladle. Graphite is in nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material

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