Chemistry
When a metal is heated in a flame, the electrons absorb energy and jump to higher energy state. On coming back to the lower energy siate, they emit light, which we can observe in

Raman spectra
Fluorescence
Absorption spectra
Emission spectra

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Chemistry
Sodium vapour lamps glow with yellow colour. This is due to

sublimation of sodium to emit yellow colour
The emission of excess energy absorbed by sodium atoms, in the yellow region of the spectrum
Its ability to absorb all other colours except yellow
The low ionisation energy of sodium

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