Heifer – a cow that has not borne a calf, or has borne only one calf. In North America, a typical farm has about 100 milk cows and as many young female stock called heifers. The heifers are raised as replacement cows.
Pastoral Herding is also known as nomadic herding and pastoral nomadism. This is an economic activity more advanced than food gathering and hunting because the people living by pastoral herding make at least some investment to enhance natural production. Labour to enhance and nurture the supply of animal products is the chief investment of the peopleengaged in this occupation.