Fluid Mechanics
Volute type of casing is provided in a centrifugal pump to

Increase the discharge
Convert velocity head to pressure head
Reduce the discharge fluctuation
Convert pressure head to velocity head

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Fluid Mechanics
Shear stress in a fluid flowing in a round pipe

Is zero at the wall and increases linearly to the centre
Is zero at the centre and varies linearly with the radius
Remains constant over the cross-section
Varies parabolically across the cross-section

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