Heat Transfer
Vacuum is generally maintained in the vapour space of an evaporator mainly to

Facilitate forward feeding in multiple effect evaporation
Achieve very high concentration of the final product
Concentrate heat sensitive materials
Get economical temperature difference by using moderate pressure steam

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Heat Transfer
A process stream of dilute aqueous solution flowing at the rate of10 Kg.s⁻¹ is to be heated. Steam condensate at 95°C is available for heating purpose, also at a rate of 10 Kg.s⁻¹. A 1 - 1 shell and tube heat exchanger is available. The best arrangement is

Counter flow with process stream on shell side
Parallel flow with process stream on tube side
Parallel flow with process stream on shell side
Counter flow with process stream on tube side

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