Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
Two pipe systems are said to be equivalent when

friction factor and length are same in two systems
length and diameter are same in two systems
length of pipe and discharge are same in two systems
head loss and discharge are same in two systems

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
Two dimensional flow occurs when

the fluid particles move in plane or parallel planes and the streamline pat-terns are identical in each plane
the magnitude and direction of the velocity do not change from point to point in the fluid
the velocity of successive fluid par-ticles, at any point, is the same at suc-cessive periods of time
the direction and magnitude of the velocity at all points are identical

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
Non uniform flow occurs when

the fluid particles move in plane or parallel planes and the streamline pat-terns are identical in each plane
the velocity of successive fluid par-ticles, at any point, is the same at suc-cessive periods of time
the direction and magnitude of the velocity at all points are identical
velocity, depth, pressure, etc. change from point to point in the fluid flow

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