Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
Two pipe systems are said to be equivalent when

length of pipe and discharge are same in two systems
length and diameter are same in two systems
friction factor and length are same in two systems
head loss and discharge are same in two systems

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
Select the correct statement

Standard atmospheric pressure is the mean local atmospheric pressure a* sea level
Local atmospheric pressure depends upon elevation of locality only
Local atmospheric pressure is always below standard atmospheric pressure
A barometer reads the difference be-tween local and standard atmospheric pressure

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
The normal stress is same in all directions at a point in a fluid

only when the fluid is frictionless
irrespective of the motion of one fluid layer relative to an adjacent layer
only when the fluid is incompressible and has zero viscosity
When there is no motion of one fluid layer relative to an adjacent layer

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
For laminar flow in a pipe of circular cross-section, the Darcy’s friction factor f is

inversely proportional to Reynolds number and indpendent of pipe wall roughness
directly proportional to Reynolds number and independent of pipe wall roughness
directly proportional to pipe wall roughness and independent of Reynolds number
inversely proportional to Reynolds number and directly proportional to pipe wall roughness

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