Chemical Process
Transparent soaps (e.g. Pears) are

Metallic soaps with frothing agent from which glycerine has not been recovered
Usually soft soap (made from coconut oil) in which cane sugar & alcohol are added and finally washed with methylated spirit to achieve transparency
None of these
Metallic soaps with frothing agent and free stearic acid to achieve transparency

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Chemical Process
In the manufacture of H₂SO₄, vanadium catalyst as compared to platinum catalyst

Handles lower SO₂ content gas (7 -10% SO₂), thus increasing the capital cost of the plant
Has a longer life and is not poisoned by arsenic
All of these
Gives higher conversion efficiency

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Chemical Process
One of the steps during refining of cane sugar consists of addition of hydrated lime to the sugar syrup followed by carbonation of the resulting solution. The purpose of this step is to

Reduce the viscosity of the syrup
Improve the rate of crystallisation of sugar
Remove the coloring matter from the syrup
Adjust the pH of the syrup

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