Artificial intelligence
Translate the following statement into FOL. “For every a, if a is a philosopher, then a is a scholar”

∀ a philosopher(a) scholar(a)
None of the mentioned
∃ a philosopher(a) scholar(a)
All of the mentioned

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Artificial intelligence
What of the following is considered to be a pivotal event in the history of AI.

1950, Computing Machinery and Intelligence.
None of these
1949, Donald O, The organization of Behaviour,
1961, Computer and Computer Sense.
1956, Dartmouth University Conference Organized by John McCarthy

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