System Analysis and Design
A Turnaround document

None of these
is circulated among all the staff of an organization.
All of these
is circulated among all the heads of departments of an organization.
is output at one point which later comes back as an input

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System Analysis and Design
Direct-access organization

uses an index for each key type
has records placed randomly throughout the file
means storing records in contiguous blocks according to a key.
Stores records sequentially but uses an index to locate records

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