Physics
The wall of a dam is broader at the base

To withstand pressure that increases in a horizontal plane
Because streamlining is required
To withstand pressure that increases with depth
To withstand pressure that is increased with atmospheric pressure

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Physics
Railway tracks are banked on curves so that

The train may not fall down inwards
No frictional force may be produced between the tracks and the wheels of the train
Necessary centripetal force may be obtained from the horizontal component of the weight of the train
Necessary centrifugal force may be obtained from the horizontal component of the weight of the train

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