Analog Electronics
The universal bias stabilization circuit is the most popular because

  IC equals to IE.
  voltage divider is heavily loaded by transistor base .
  IC does not depend on transistor characteristic.
  its β sensitivity is low .

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Analog Electronics
For transistor action

  all of these.
  Je must be forward biased and Jc should be reverse biased.
  the emitter should be heavily doped.
  the base region must be very thin and lightly doped.

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