Mass Transfer
The surface renewal frequency in Danckwerts model of mass transfer is given by (KL: mass transfer co-efficient)

KL²/DA
√(KL².DA)
KL².DA
KL/DA²

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Mass Transfer
Flights in a rotary dryer are provided to

Lift and shower the solids thus exposing it thoroughly to the drying action of the gas
None of these
Increase the residence time of the solid
Reduce the residence time of solid

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