Machine Design
When a machine member is subjected to torsion, the torsional shear stress set up in the member is

Zero at both the centroidal axis and outer surface of the member
Maximum at the centroidal axis and zero at the outer surface of the member
Zero at the centroidal axis and maximum at the outer surface of the member
Maximum at both the centroidal axis and outer surface of the member

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Machine Design
An open belt drive is used when

Shafts are arranged parallel and rotate in the same directions
Driven shaft is to be started or stopped whenever desired without interfering with the driving shaft
Shafts are arranged at right angles and rotate in one definite direction
Shafts are arranged parallel and rotate in the opposite directions

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