Internal Combustion Engines
The purpose of testing an internal combustion engine is

To determine the information, which cannot be obtained by calculations
All of these
To conform the data used in design, the validity of which may be doubtful
To satisfy the customer regarding the performance of the engine

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Internal Combustion Engines
The expansion of fuel in a four stroke cycle diesel engine

Starts at top dead center and ends at 30° after top dead center
Starts at 15° after top dead center and ends at 30° before bottom dead center
Starts at 15° before top dead center and ends at 30° after top dead center
May start and end anywhere

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Internal Combustion Engines
If V₁ is the jet velocity and V₀ is the vehicle velocity, then the propulsive efficiency of a rocket is given by

[2(V₀/V₁)]/ [1 + (V₀/V₁)²]
V₀/(V₀ + V₁)
(V₀/V₁)/ [1 + (V₀/V₁)²]
V₁/(V₀ + V₁)

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