Operating System (OS)
The process of transferring data intended for a peripheral device into a disk (or intermediate store) so that it can be transferred to peripheral at a more convenient time or in bulk, is known as

spooling
virtual programming
None of these
multiprogramming
caching

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Operating System (OS)
The instruction register

is a group of electrical circuits (hardware), that performs the intent of instructions fetched from memory.
contains a copy of the designated memory location specified by the MAR after a "read" or the new contents of the memory prior to a "write".
is a hardware memory device which denotes the location of the current instruction being executed.
None of these
contains the address of the memory location that is to be read from or stored into.

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