Manufacturing And Production Technology
The primary purpose of a sprue in a casting mould is to

Help feed the casting until all solidification takes place
Feed the casting at a rate consistent with the rate of solidification
Feed molten metal from the pouring basin to the gate
Act as a reservoir for molten metal

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Manufacturing And Production Technology
In ultrasonic machining, the metal is removed by

Using abrasive slurry between the tool and work
Maintaining an electrolyte between the work and tool in a very small gap between the two
Direct contact of tool with the work
Erosion caused by rapidly recurring spark discharges between the tool and work

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