Electrical Machines
Armature reaction in a DC machine

 is in the same direction as the main poles.
 makes an angle with the main pole axis which is load dependent.
 is in direct opposition to the main poles.
  makes an angle of 90° with the main pole axis.

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Electrical Machines
No load primary current in a transformer

 leads the applied voltage somewhat less than 90Ã&
 lags behind applied voltage by exactly 90Â&am
 leads the applied voltage by exactly 90Â&
 lags behind applied voltage somewhat less than 90Ã

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