System Analysis and Design
The person communicating with the manager to identify information needs is the

None of these
programmer
vice- president of information system
executive vice-president
system analyst

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System Analysis and Design
The black-box concept:

All of these
assumes that inputs and outputs will remain stable
is invoked by describing a system in terms of inputs and outputs, leaving the transformation process a black box.
None of these
assumes that the black box is independent

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