Microbial Metabolism
The mechanism of passive or facilitated diffusion require

accumulation or concentration of solute against an electrochemical gradient
accumulation of solute against an electrochemical gradient
metabolic energy
concentration of solute against an electrochemical gradient

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Microbial Metabolism
ATPase

synthesizes ATP, coupled to transfer of extracellular protons into the cell
is the enzyme that incorporates ATP into messenger RNA
carries out each of the reactions indicated in (a) and (b)
extrudes protons from the cell coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP

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