Design of Steel Structure
The mechanism method and the statical method give

lower and upper bounds respectively on the strength of structure
upper and lower bounds respectively on the strength of structure
lower bound on the strength of structure
upper bound on the strength of structure

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Design of Steel Structure
When the axis of load lies in the plane of rivet group, then the most heavily loaded rivet will be the one which (where, Fa is the load shared by each rivet due to axial load and Fm is the shearing load due to moment in any rivet.)

gives the minimum angle between the two forces Fa and Fm
gives the maximum angle between the two forces Fa and Fm
is at the maximum distance from CG of the rivet group
is at the minimum distance from CG of the rivet group

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