Maratha Empire
The Maratha Kingdom under the Peshwas was

a military State
a confederacy (Mandala or Sangha)
a regency of the Peshwa
a loose federation

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Maratha Empire
'Chauth' was

Toll tax imposed by Shivaji
Irrigation tax charged by Akbar
A religious tax imposed by Aurangzeb
Land tax levied by Shivaji on neighbouring States

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