Immunological Techniques
The IPTG is a gratuitous inducers of (β-galactosidase, and x-gal is a chromogenic substrate. When α-complementation occurs which colour is produced?

Brown
No colour is produced
Blue
White

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Immunological Techniques
What would happen if serum is omitted from the ELISA, but all other steps remain same?

The OD values would be nearly the same as the assay control
Anti-human Ig-conjugate would not bind and be washed away
Anti-human Ig-conjugate would bind non-specifically to the ELISA plate
Both (a) and (b)

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