Stoichiometry
The heat capacity of a solid compound is calculated from the atomic heat capacities of its constituent elements with the help of the

Antonie equation
Kistyakowsky equation
Kopp's rule
Trouton's rule

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Stoichiometry
The boiling points for pure water and pure toluene are 100°C and 110.6°C respectively. Toluene and water are completely immiscible in each other. A well agitated equimolar mixture of toluene and water are prepared. If, at a total pressure of one standard atm. exerted by the vapours of water and toluene, the mole fraction of water Xw in the vapour phase satisfies

Xw = 1.0
0 < Xw < 0.5
0.5 < Xw < 1.0
Xw = 0.5

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