Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Blow off cock in a boiler is used to

Empty the boiler when required and to discharge the mud, scale or sediments which are accumulated at the bottom of the boiler
Put off fire in the furnace of the boiler when the level of water in the boiler falls to an unsafe limit
Increase the temperature of saturated steam without raising its pressure
Control the flow of steam from the boiler to the main pipe and to shut off the steam completely when required

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Degree of reaction is defined as the ratio of

Heat drop in fixed blades to the heat drop in moving blades
Heat drop in fixed blades plus heat drop in moving blades to the heat drop in moving blades
Heat drop in moving blades to the heat drop in fixed blades
Heat drop in moving blades to the heat drop in fixed blades plus heat drop in moving blades

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The function of a valve rod is

To convert rotary motion of the crankshaft into to and fro motion of the valve rod
To convert reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the crank
To provide simple harmonic motion to the D-slide valve
To provide reciprocating motion to the slide valve

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