Design of Steel Structure
The elastic strain for steel is about

1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and 1/200 of maximum strain
1/24 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/200 of maximum strain
1/2 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/12 of maximum strain
1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/120 of maximum strain

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Design of Steel Structure
In a gusseted base, when the end of the column is machined for complete bearing on the base plate, then the axial load is assumed to be transferred to base plate

Fully through fastenings
Fully by direct bearing
50% by direct bearing and 50% through fastenings
75% by direct bearing and 25% through fastenings

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