Compressors, Gas Turbines and Jet Engines
An ideal air compressor cycle with clearance on P-V diagram can be represented by following processes

One adiabatic, two isobaric, and one constant volume
Two adiabatic and two isobaric
One adiabatic, one isobaric and two constant volumes
Two adiabatic, one isobaric and one constant volume

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Compressors, Gas Turbines and Jet Engines
Clearance volume in actual reciprocating compressors is essential

To provide cushioning effect
To attain high volumetric efficiency
To accommodate Valves in the cylinder head
To provide cushioning effect and also to avoid mechanical bang of piston with cylinder head

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