Workshop Technology
The directional solidification in casting can be improved by using

Chills and padding
Chaplets and padding
Chills and chaplets
Chills, chaplets and padding

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Workshop Technology
The purpose of a gate is to

Act as a reservoir for the molten metal
Delivers molten metal into the mould cavity
Feed the molten metal to the casting in order to compensate for the shrinkage
Delivers molten metal from pouring basin to gate

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