Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The critical pressure ratio (p₂/p₁) is given by

(p₂/p₁) = [2/(n - 1)] n/(n + 1)
(p₂/p₁) = [2/(n + 1)] n/(n-1)
(p₂/p₁) = [(n - 1)/2] n + (1/n)
(p₂/p₁) = [(n + 1)/2] n - (1/n)

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Carbonization of coal is the process of

Pulverizing coal in inert atmosphere
Heating wood in a limited supply of air at temperatures below 300°C
Binding the pulverized coal into briquettes
Strongly heating coal continuously for about 48 hours in the absence of air in a closed vessel

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Which of the following statement is correct for a compound steam engine?

The forces in the working parts are increased as the forces are distributed over more parts
The ratio of expansion is reduced, thus reducing the length of stroke
The temperature range per cylinder is increased, with corresponding increase in condensation
The cost of the engine, for the same power and economy, is more than that of a simple steam engine

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