Machine Design
The connecting rod bolts are tightened up with initial tension greater than the external load so that

Joint may not open up
Bolts will not loosen during service
Bolts are weakest elements
The resultant load on the bolt would not be affected by the external cyclic load

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Machine Design
An open belt drive is used when

Shafts are arranged parallel and rotate in the same directions
Shafts are arranged parallel and rotate in the opposite directions
Shafts are arranged at right angles and rotate in one definite direction
Driven shaft is to be started or stopped whenever desired without interfering with the driving shaft

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Machine Design
The shear stress at a point in a shaft subjected to a torque is

Directly proportional to the polar moment of inertia and to the distance of the point from the axis
Directly proportional to the applied torque and the polar moment of inertia
Directly proportional to the applied torque and inversely proportional to the polar moment of inertia
Inversely proportional to the applied torque and the polar moment of inertia

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