Automobile Engineering in ME
In bias ply tyres

One ply layer runs diagonally one way and another layer runs diagonally the other way
Belts of steel mesh are used in the tyres
All of these
All plies run parallel to one another

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The basic purpose of a four wheel drive (4WD) system is that it

Ensures that effective braking can be performed, even on slippery surfaces
Ensures effective transmission of engine torque to all four wheels, even on slippery road surfaces
Eliminates the need of snow tyres, tyre chains, etc.
Delivers improved cornering on dry road surfaces

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