Operating System (OS)
The advantage(s) of incorporating the macro processor into pass 1 is(are):

many functions do not have to be implemented twice.
All of these
Functions are combined and it is not necessary to create intermediate files as output from the macros processor and input to the assembler.
more flexibility is available to the programmer in that he may use all the features of the assembler in conjunction with macros.
None of these

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Operating System (OS)
Addressing structure

are variations in the use of fundamental addressing structures, or some associated actions which are related to addressing.
None of these
defines the fundamental method of determining effective operand addresses
All of these
performs indicated operations on two fast registers of the machine and leave the result in one of the registers.

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