Synchronous Motors
Synchronous capacitor is

An ordinary static capacitor bank
None of the listed here
An over excited synchronous motor running without mechanical load
An over excited synchronous motor driving mechanical load

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Synchronous Motors
A synchronous motor connected to infinite bus-bars has at constant full load, 100% excitation and unity power factor. On changing the excitation only, the armature current will have

no change of power factor
lagging power factor with over-excitation
leading power factor with under-excitation
leading power factor with over-excitation

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