Compressors, Gas Turbines and Jet Engines
Surging is the phenomenon of

Motion of air at sonic velocity
Air stream not able to follow the blade contour
Air stream blocking the passage
Unsteady, periodic and reversed flow

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Compressors, Gas Turbines and Jet Engines
For a two stage reciprocating compressor, compression from p₁ to p₃ is with perfect intercooling and no pressure losses. If compression in both the cylinders follows the same polytropic process and the atmospheric pressure is pa, then the intermediate pressure p₂ is given by

P₂ = Pa × p₃/p₁
p₂ = (p₁ + p₃)/2
p₂ = Pa p₃/p₁
p₂ = p₁. p₃

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