Soil Mechanics and Foundation
For a loose sand sample and a dense sand sample consolidated to the same effective stress

ultimate strength is same but peak
ultimate strength is same and also peak strength is same
ultimate strength is same but peak strength of dense sand is greater than that of loose sand
ultimate strength is different but peak strength is same

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Within the consolidation process of a saturated clay

both neutral pressure and effective pressure decrease
a gradual increase in neutral pressure and a gradual decrease in effective pressure takes place and sum of the two is constant
a gradual decrease in neutral pressure and a gradual increase in effective pressure takes place and sum of the two is constant
both neutral pressure and effective pressure increase

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
A tri-axial shear test is preferred to direct shear test, because

Stress distribution on the failure plane, is non uniform
None of these
Precise measurement of pore pressure and change in volume during test, is not possible
It can be performed under all three drainage conditions with complete control

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