Soil Mechanics and Foundation
A tri-axial shear test is preferred to direct shear test, because

Precise measurement of pore pressure and change in volume during test, is not possible
Stress distribution on the failure plane, is non uniform
It can be performed under all three drainage conditions with complete control
None of these

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Within the consolidation process of a saturated clay

both neutral pressure and effective pressure decrease
a gradual decrease in neutral pressure and a gradual increase in effective pressure takes place and sum of the two is constant
a gradual increase in neutral pressure and a gradual decrease in effective pressure takes place and sum of the two is constant
both neutral pressure and effective pressure increase

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