Mechanical Operations
Rittinger's crushing law states that

For a given machine and feed, crushing efficiency is dependent on the size of the feed & product
Work required in crushing is proportional to the new surface created
Work required to form a particle of any size is proportional to the square of the surface to volume ratio of the product
Work required to form a particle of a particular size is proportional to the square root of the surface to volume ratio of the product

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Mechanical Operations
A centrifugal filtration unit operating at a rotational speed of w has inner surface of the liquid (density ρL) located at a radial distance R from the axis of rotation. The thickness of the liquid film is δ and no cake is formed. The initial pressure drop during filtration is

½w² . R . ρL(R + 2δ)
½w² . δ² . ρL
½w² . R² . ρL
½w² . δρL (2R + δ)

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