Fuels and Combustion
Ratio of primary air to secondary air increases with increase in the rank of coal, because the

Calorific value of the coal increases
Oxygen content progressively decreases
High rank coals have higher amount of volatile matter
Ratio of fixed carbon to volatile matter increases

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Fuels and Combustion
Fixed carbon in coal is defined as

The one which is present in the residue after combustion
Hundred minus the percentage of volatile matter, ash and moisture
The total quantity of carbon present in the coal
That present in volatile matters

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