Physics
Lightning is produced when

Strong opposite charges in different clouds break down the resistance offered by the intervening air
Water vapour produces electricity in the clouds
Similar charges of electricity rush towards each other and then get repelled
Clouds strike against impurities in air and the friction burns up these impurities

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Physics
Why are we able to hear short wave broadcasts better than long wave broadcasts ?

Short wave broadcasts are made by nearby radio stations.
Short waves are more energetic than long waves.
By convention, short waves are meant for long distances, whereas long waves are reserved for short distances.
Short waves are unaffected by atmospheric disturbances.

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