Abul Fazl who was one of the courtiers who were collectively known as Akbar’s Navratnas (or nine jewels). He wrote Ain-i-Akbari and Akbar Nama. He Lead the Mughal imperial army in its wars in Deccan but was murdered by Bir Singh Bundela.
The Mughal emperor Akbar established a Translation Department. The department was given the task of translating Hindu religious scriptures, such as the Atharvaveda, the Mahabharata, Harivamsa and the Ramayana into Persian.
Sufism or mysticism emerged in the 8th century. Some of the early known Sufis are as follows: Rabia al-Adawiya, Al-Junaid, and Bayazid Bastami. Sufism evolved into a well-developed movement by the end of the 11th century.