Measurement and Instrumentation
Potentiometer method of DC voltage measurement is more accurate than direct measurement using a voltmeter because

 It uses centre zero galvanometer instead of voltmeter.
 It loads the circuit to maximum extent.
  It does not load the circuit at all.
 It loads the circuit moderately.

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Measurement and Instrumentation
Assertion (A): A hot wire ammeter has a cramped scale. Reason (R): The heat is proportional to square of current.

 A is false and R is ture.
 Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.
 Both A and R are true and R is not correct explanation of A.
 A is ture and R is false.

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