Environmental Science
Which of the following is false?

Quantity of biomass in a trophic level at a particular period is called as standing crop
The succession that occurs in newly cooled lava is called primary succession
The energy content in a trophic level is determined is determined by considering a few individuals of a species in that trophic level.
Rate of succession is faster in secondary succession
Phytoplanktons are the pioneers in the aquatic ecosystem

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Environmental Science
Low clouds retard surface cooling at night better than clear skies because:

The clouds are better conductors of heat than is the clear night air
The clouds absorb and radiate infrared energy back to earth
The water droplets in the clouds reflect infrared energy back to earth
The formation of the clouds releases latent heat energy
The clouds start convection currents between them

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