Engineering Thermodynamics
Otto cycle consists of following four processes

Two isentropic and two constant pressures
Two isothermal and two isentropic
Two isentropic and two constant volumes
Two isentropic, one constant volume and one constant pressure

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Engineering Thermodynamics
A closed system is one in which

Mass crosses the boundary but not the energy
Neither mass nor energy crosses the boundaries of the system
Mass does not cross boundaries of the system, though energy may do so
Both energy and mass cross the boundaries of the system

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Engineering Thermodynamics
The universal gas constant (or molar constant) of a gas is the product of

Atomic mass of the gas and the gas constant
Molecular mass of the gas and the specific heat at constant volume
Molecular mass of the gas and the gas constant
Molecular mass of the gas and the specific heat at constant pressure

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