Elements Of Remote Sensing
Due to scan geometry of a satellite sensor:

The ground distance swept by the senor, IFOV is proportional to sec2θ, where θ is the angle of scan measured from the nadir
All of these
The details towards the edge of the scan get compressed
The off-nadir resolution is degraded

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Elements Of Remote Sensing
According to the Snell's law if an electromagnetic wave is incident in a medium (refractive index n₁) on another medium (refractive index m₂);

Both (A) and (B)
Neither (A) nor (B)
The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of refraction
The angle of refraction (θr) is given by sin θ₂ = (n₁/n₂) sin θi

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